Sustainer engines are typically two-stroke two-cylinder air-cooled engines in the range of 18–30 hp (14–22 kW). The smaller sustainer engines are usually not equipped with a throttle, but instead have a cable to open decompression valves in each cylinder to allow the engine to turn freely for starting. The propeller hub is usually attached directly to the crankshaft, but there is at least one example of a sustainer with a belt reduction drive, the DG-1000T. The propeller may be a rigid 2-blade design, or may have more than two blades that fold at the hub when the engine is retracted. They generally do not have an alternator or starter motor, so the engine is started by "wind-milling" the propeller in flight. Sustainer motor gliders must be launched like an unpowered glider, but can climb slowly to extend a flight once the engine is deployed and started.
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The two-stroke engines commonly used are not efficient at reduced power for level cruising flight, and instead must use a "saw-tooth" flight profile where the glider climbs at full power, then glides with the propeller retracted. They have a single-axle retractable main wheel on the fuselage like most unpowered gliders, so they do require assistance during ground operations. Unlike TMGs, most gliders with retractable propellers are also fitted with a tow-hook for aero-towing or ground launch. The engine may be near the top or bottom of the mast, and newer designs have the engine fixed in the fuselage to reduce noise and drag. The fuselage has engine bay doors that open and close automatically, similar to landing gear doors. The retractable propeller is usually mounted on a mast that rotates up and forward out of the fuselage, aft of the cockpit and wing carry-through structure. A Stemme S10 is in the background with the nose cone extended. Schleicher ASH 26e self-launching motor glider, with the engine mast extended. Some TMGs, like the Europa or the Phoenix, can also be supplied with interchangeable wings or wingtips so that they can be flown as a standard touring aircraft as well as a TMG. Tow hooks are unnecessary, since aircraft with self-launch ability do not require access to winch or tow plane for launching like a conventional glider. Some TMGs are equipped with folding wings to allow them to fit in standard small airplane T-hangars. Modern TMGs like the Phoenix Air Phoenix are capable of higher speeds and longer range under power. Most have fuel tanks capable of holding between 50 and 100 liters (13 to 26 US gallons) of fuel, giving a range under power of up to 450 nautical miles (approximately 830 kilometers). Most TMGs are designed with engines of 80 to 100 hp (75 kW) and typically cruise (under power) at 85–100 knots (190 km/h). However TMGs are more efficient than conventional light aircraft. The large wingspans of TMGs provide a moderate gliding performance, not as good as that of unpowered gliders. They are fitted with front-mounted engines, similar to a small airplane.
TMGs can take off and cruise like an airplane or soar with power off, like a glider. Motor with fixed or full feathering propellers are generally classified as Touring Motor Gliders (TMGs). for sustaining gliding flight rather than as self-launching aircraft.įixed or feathering propeller Touring motor gliders However jet engine-powered motorgliders are now available from some manufacturers, some of which are intended for use only as "sustainer" engines, i.e.
Most motor gliders are equipped with a propeller, which may be fixed, feathered (e.g.
This was incorporated into the Carden-Baynes Auxiliary that first flew on 8 August of the same year.Ī later version of the Budig glider was powered. In 1935, an occasional or auxiliary motor that could be retracted was suggested by Sir John Carden.
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